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Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections

20.0% of adults with outstanding student loans for their own education were behind on payments or in collections in 2024, compared with 16.0% in December 2023

What is the current Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections?

STUDENT LOAN BORROWERS BEHIND OR IN COLLECTIONS
20% ↑ Worsening
of adults with outstanding student loans for their own education were behind on payments or in collections
One year ago
16% ↑ Worsening
up 4.0 points since 2023

Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections: 20% as of 2024, and worsening. Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED).

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System reported in its Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED) that 20% of adults with outstanding student loans for their own education were behind on payments or in collections in 2024.

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System reports in the Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED) that 20% of adults with outstanding student loans for their own education were behind on payments or in collections in 2024.

This is a borrower-status share. It does not measure required payments, loan balances, or payments as a share of income.

This annual series tracks whether adults with outstanding loans for their own education reported being behind on payments or in collections.

SHED later changed to questions about recent payment difficulty. Those results are not appended to this chart because the measure is not comparable with the borrower-status series through 2024.

Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED) via official source · Latest: 2024

Explore Further

How has Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections changed over time?

CSV Chart Card
Share of adults behind on student loans for their own education or in collections
Annual share of adults with outstanding student loans for their own education who were behind on payments or in collections
Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections
Historical data
Annual · Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED)
Period Value YoY Change
2024 20% +4.0 pts
2023 16% +1.0 pts
2022 15%
2019 17% −3.0 pts
2018 20%

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections?

20.0% of adults with outstanding student loans for their own education were behind on payments or in collections in 2024, compared with 16.0% in December 2023

Why does Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections matter for financial distress?

Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections is one of the indicators tracked by the American Distress Index (ADI), which measures five dimensions of U.S. household financial distress: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Changes in this indicator contribute to the overall distress picture.

Where does the Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections data come from?

This data comes from Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED). More information: https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/2025-economic-well-being-of-us-households-in-2024-higher-education-and-student-loans.htm. The American Distress Index updates this indicator annual.

Ross Kilburn
Written by

Ross Kilburn, Founder

American Default Research · Seattle, Washington

Two decades working directly with financially distressed American households — from property preservation in 2003, to negotiating over 1,000 short sales during the Great Recession, to foreclosure defense marketing today. Author, The Ark Law Group Complete Guide to Short Sales (Auroch Press, 2013). Twice named to Puget Sound Business Journal Fast 50 for Ark Law Group. B.A., University of California, Berkeley, 1992. Founded American Default Research in 2026 to fill a gap in public data that had been empty since 2013.

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Why does Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections matter?

Student Loan Borrowers Behind on Payments or in Collections is one of 98 live indicators tracked by American Default Research. The methodology page explains sources, update cadence, and how the index uses its published inputs.
View methodology →
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