County Distress Index

How the County Distress Index Works

The CDI scores household financial distress across 3,144 U.S. counties. The current engine is family-v1: five equal-weighted domains, distress-oriented indicator percentiles, published county ranks, and public score labels.

Current Specification

Coverage
3,144 counties and county equivalents
National average
50.0 as of 2025-12-31
Engine
family-v1
Composite
Mean of five equal-weighted domain scores
County labels
National rank, state rank, and score label, not national ADI bands
Latest build
2026-07-02T15:29:04Z

Scoring Rule

Each county indicator is oriented so that a higher value means more household financial distress. The engine then converts each indicator into a Hazen percentile across counties, averages member indicators inside each domain, and averages the five domain scores into the CDI composite.

The composite is a mean of input percentiles. It is not itself a percentile rank. National rank and state rank come from sorting county composite scores against the current county file. Score labels come from the 0-100 composite value.

Five Domains

Domain Weight Member indicators
Debt Burden (housing basis) 20.0% Rent To Income Ratio, Renters 50pct Burdened
Default & Legal 20.0% Debt In Collections Pct, Filing Rate Per 100k
Delinquency 20.0% Auto Loan Delinq Pct, Cc Delinq Pct, Subprime Pct
Labor 20.0% Unemployment Rate
Safety Net & Buffer 20.0% Child Poverty Rate, Disability Rate, Eitc Pct Of Returns, Median Household Income, Poverty Rate, Snap Rate, Transfer Income Pct, Uninsured Rate

Ranks and Score Labels

County pages publish national rank, state rank, and a plain-language score label. Rank fifths remain available inside the data for QA, but public county labels should use the score range names below.

extreme county distress 90.0-100.0 17 0.5% of counties
very high county distress 80.0-89.9 122 3.9% of counties
high county distress 70.0-79.9 334 10.6% of counties
moderate-high county distress 60.0-69.9 549 17.5% of counties
moderate county distress 50.0-59.9 580 18.4% of counties
moderate-low county distress 40.0-49.9 569 18.1% of counties
low-moderate county distress 30.0-39.9 472 15.0% of counties
low county distress 20.0-29.9 339 10.8% of counties
very low county distress 10.0-19.9 150 4.8% of counties
exceptionally low county distress 0.0-9.9 12 0.4% of counties

What Changed

The retired county engine used fitted factor weights and fixed score buckets. The family-v1 engine uses equal domain weights, national and state ranks, and county score labels without using the national ADI band names.

Citation

American Default Research. (2026). County Distress Index: Methodology and Scoring. Retrieved from https://americandefault.org/methodology/cdi/

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