Montana Financial Distress Profile 2026
Household debt, delinquency rates, and foreclosure law summary for Montana — compared to national averages. Data from the NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel, Q4 2025.
Last updated: 2026-03-09
How Does Montana Compare to the National Average?
Montana is above the national average on 0 of 5 key household distress metrics. Credit card delinquency stands at 9.8% (below the 12.4% national rate), auto loan delinquency at 4.0%, and total debt per capita at $58,390.
Since 2019, credit card delinquency in Montana has risen 2.7pp and total household debt has grown 25.1%. Most metrics remain below the national baseline.
Key Statistics at a Glance
State Distress Index: Montana
Component Breakdown
The national American Distress Index reads 59.0 (Elevated). Montana's State Distress Index of 37 (Normal) is computed from 6 data dimensions covering debt performance, economic need, bankruptcy filings, employment, consumer complaints, and safety net strength.
Montana vs. National Average
Delinquency rates measure the share of loan accounts 30 or more days past due. Higher rates signal greater household financial stress. Debt and balance figures are per capita, adjusted for state population.
Download all states (CSV)Montana vs. National: 5 Key Metrics (Q4 2025)
Source: NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel / Equifax, Q4 2025.
Similar States by Distress Level
States ranked closest to Montana (#48) on the State Distress Index. Peer comparison reveals whether distress patterns are regional or structural.
| State | ADI Score | Zone | Top Driver |
|---|---|---|---|
| Montana | 37 | Normal | Safety Net Gap |
| New Hampshire | 38.2 | Normal | Safety Net Gap |
| Idaho | 38.1 | Normal | Safety Net Gap |
| North Dakota | 34.6 | Healthy | Safety Net Gap |
Change Since 2019
Pre-pandemic 2019 values provide a baseline for how distress has evolved. Credit card and auto loan delinquency have risen sharply in most states since pandemic-era forbearance protections expired.
| Metric | 2019 | 2025 | Change | Nat'l 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit Card Delinquency | 7.0% | 9.8% | +2.7pp | 12.4% |
| Auto Loan Delinquency | 4.0% | 4.0% | +0.0pp | 5.2% |
| Mortgage Delinquency | 0.64% | 0.50% | -0.1pp | 0.94% |
| Total Debt per Capita | $46,660 | $58,390 | +25.1% | $63,200 |
| CC Balance per Capita | $3,060 | $3,850 | +25.8% | $4,350 |
Montana Foreclosure Law Summary
Understanding your state's foreclosure process is critical if you fall behind on mortgage payments. Montana primarily uses non-judicial foreclosure.
Montana has two foreclosure tracks: (1) non-judicial trustee's sale under the Small Tract Financing Act, MCA § 71-1-301 et seq., for trust indentures (deeds of trust) on tracts of 15 acres or less — the standard and most common path for residential f…
Full Montana foreclosure law guide →State-Level Divergence
National averages mask wide variation across states. Montana's credit card delinquency of 9.8% falls below the national 12.4%, but other metrics tell a more nuanced story. The state's Distress Index reads 37.0 (Normal). The Household Debt by State roundup tracks all 51 jurisdictions.
CFPB Mortgage Complaints in Montana
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has received 694 mortgage complaints from Montana since 2012 — 61.3 per 100,000 residents, below the national rate of 129.3 per 100K. Montana ranks #43 of 51 jurisdictions for complaint density.
| Year | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complaints | 53 | 49 | 39 | 47 | 49 | 49 |
Source: CFPB Consumer Complaint Database. Filed a mortgage complaint? Search the complaint database.
Bankruptcy Filings: Montana
Bankruptcy filings reflect the downstream consequence of sustained financial distress — when households exhaust savings, fall behind on debt, and run out of alternatives. Montana's filing rate is below the national average.
Source: U.S. Courts, Administrative Office. Table F-2: Cases Commenced by Chapter. Per-capita rates use 2024 Census population estimates.
Credit Distress: Montana
The Philadelphia Fed Consumer Credit Explorer tracks credit health metrics from Equifax data. 11.2% of Montana residents have debt in collections — below the national rate of 13.9%. 11.2% have subprime credit scores (below 620), and 31.3% are credit-constrained.
Source: Philadelphia Fed Consumer Credit Explorer. Data from NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel / Equifax. 2025 Q1.
Economic Context: Montana
SNAP enrollment and unemployment rates provide upstream context for household debt distress. Higher food assistance enrollment signals that more families are struggling with basic expenses, while elevated unemployment directly reduces income available for debt service.
Sources: USDA Food and Nutrition Service, BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics. Population: U.S. Census Bureau 2024 estimates.
Safety Net Strength: Montana
The Safety Net Index measures how much support infrastructure is available to households in financial distress — combining healthcare coverage, food assistance, emergency housing funds, and legal protections. Montana scores 32.6 out of 100 (Weak), ranking #43 of 51 jurisdictions.
Component Breakdown
Sources: Kaiser Family Foundation (Medicaid, 2024), USDA FNS (SNAP, 2025), U.S. Treasury HAF program status, state foreclosure statutes.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the credit card delinquency rate in Montana?
The credit card delinquency rate in Montana is 9.8% as of Q4 2025, ranking #41 among all states and DC. The national average is 12.4%. This rate has risen from 7.0% in 2019.
How does Montana's household debt compare to the national average?
Montana residents carry $58,390 in total debt per capita, below the national average of $63,200. Debt per capita has grown 25.1% since 2019. Montana ranks #27 nationally for total household debt per capita.
What is the auto loan delinquency rate in Montana?
Auto loan delinquency in Montana stands at 4.0% as of Q4 2025, below the national rate of 5.2%. This ranks #31 nationally. The rate has risen from 4.0% in 2019.
What type of foreclosure process does Montana use?
Montana primarily uses non-judicial foreclosure. This allows lenders to foreclose without court proceedings, resulting in a faster process. See our full Montana foreclosure law guide for timelines, protections, and legal resources.
Is Montana above or below the national average for financial distress?
Montana scores 37 on the State Distress Index (Normal), ranking #48 of 51 jurisdictions. This composite score is built from 6 data dimensions: debt delinquency rates, SNAP enrollment, bankruptcy filings, unemployment, CFPB complaints, and safety net strength. The national American Distress Index reads 59.0 (Elevated).
How many CFPB mortgage complaints have been filed in Montana?
The CFPB has received 694 mortgage complaints from Montana since 2012, a rate of 61.3 per 100,000 residents. This ranks #43 of 51 jurisdictions. The national average is 129.3 per 100K. Companies responded to 97.3% of Montana complaints within the required timeframe.
What is the bankruptcy filing rate in Montana?
Montana had 830 bankruptcy filings in the 12-month period ending Dec 2025, a rate of 73.3 per 100,000 residents — below the national rate of 169.1 per 100K. This ranks #45 of 51 jurisdictions. Chapter 7 filings account for 80.6% and Chapter 13 for 15.8%. Filings changed +7.2% year-over-year.
What percentage of people in Montana have debt in collections?
11.2% of individuals in Montana have debt in collections, below the national rate of 13.9%. This ranks #31 of 51 jurisdictions. Additionally, 11.2% of Montana residents have subprime credit scores (below 620), compared to 16.9% nationally. Data from the Philadelphia Fed Consumer Credit Explorer (NY Fed / Equifax).
What is the SNAP enrollment rate in Montana?
73,894 residents of Montana receive SNAP benefits, an enrollment rate of 6.5% — below the national rate of 11.9%. This ranks #46 of 51 jurisdictions. SNAP participation has changed -7.3% year-over-year. The pre-pandemic rate was 9.2%.
How strong is Montana's financial safety net?
Montana scores 32.6 out of 100 on the Safety Net Index, ranking #43 of 51 jurisdictions (Weak). The score combines Medicaid coverage (17% enrollment rate, expansion state), SNAP enrollment (6.5%), Homeowner Assistance Fund status (winding down), and foreclosure legal protections. The national average is 49.3.
Data Sources
NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel
State-level household debt and delinquency statistics from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, based on Equifax credit bureau data. Updated quarterly.
American Distress Index
Composite index tracking U.S. household financial distress across five statistically derived components. National score as of the latest available quarter.
Montana Foreclosure Statutes
State foreclosure law data compiled from primary statutory sources and validated against legal databases. Last verified 2026-03-10.
CFPB Complaint Database
Mortgage complaints filed with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 2012–present. Density calculated using 2024 Census population estimates.
USDA SNAP State Activity
Monthly SNAP participation by state from the USDA Food and Nutrition Service. Enrollment rates computed against 2024 Census population estimates.
U.S. Bankruptcy Courts
Annual bankruptcy filings by chapter and district from the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. Per-capita rates computed against 2024 Census population estimates.
Philadelphia Fed Consumer Credit Explorer
Quarterly credit health metrics (collections, subprime share, delinquency, credit-constrained rates) from Equifax via the NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel.
Safety Net Index
Composite score from KFF Medicaid enrollment (2024), USDA SNAP participation (2025), U.S. Treasury HAF program status, and state foreclosure legal protections.