Hampden County, Massachusetts
Above the national median for rent-to-income ratio — and 2.6× the rate of the healthiest U.S. county (Steele County, ND — 12%).
Main Findings
Hampden County, Massachusetts ranks 619th most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: a rent-to-income ratio of 31% — above the national median of 21%. Its highest-scoring domain is Debt Burden (housing basis).
- 619th of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — 67.8 · moderate-high county distress, 1st in Massachusetts.
- A rent-to-income ratio of 31% (U.S. median 21%). Rent-to-income ratio at the 97th percentile nationally. Source: HUD FMR (FY2026); U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023).
- Unemployment at 5% — national median 4%, ranked at the 84th percentile. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS (May 2026).
- Credit card delinquency at 7% — national median 5%, ranked at the 76th percentile. Source: Urban Institute Debt in America (2025).
- Child poverty rate at 26% — national median 18%, ranked at the 83rd percentile. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023).
Neighbors span three CDI score labels. The 18-point drop to Hampshire County marks where the Pioneer Valley distress corridor ends.
"Hampden County has a moderate-high county distress score. The domain mix shows whether pressure is concentrated or spread across the profile."
"The CDI gives this county a moderate-high county distress label. The domain table shows whether the score comes from debt, labor, safety-net pressure, or a mix. Its highest-scoring domain is Debt Burden (housing basis)."
Reporter's Notes
Two data points in the indicator table worth a follow-up call.
According to U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023), Hampden County's uninsured rate indicator is at the 3rd percentile. American Default Research's CDI places every other indicator in the Safety Net & Buffer domain at or above the 38th percentile. The gap stands out against the other credit indicators. Worth a call to the source agency or a local subject-matter contact in Springfield.
Indicator History
Period-correct raw indicators from the county-history panel. The CDI composite is excluded because it is a current cross-sectional score.
Unemployment rate
Poverty rate
Transfer income share
Subprime credit population
The Indicators Behind Hampden County's CDI Score
Every number traces to a public source. Hampden County's value shown alongside MA's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.
| Indicator | Hampden | MA median | U.S. median | Pctile | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delinquency — domain score 63 · Rank 1,114 of 3,144 | |||||
| Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due | 5% | 4% | 5% | 52nd | Urban Institute Debt in America (2025) |
| Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due | 7% | 5% | 5% | 76th | Urban Institute Debt in America (2025) |
| Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 | 26% | 19% | 23% | 61st | Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Equifax (2025) |
| Default & Legal — domain score 49 · Rank 1,572 of 3,144 | |||||
| Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections | 25% | 15% | 23% | 56th | Urban Institute Debt in America (2025) |
| Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents | 113 | 72 | 126 | 43rd | Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, F-5A (2025) |
| Debt Burden (housing basis) — domain score 92 · Rank 106 of 3,144 | |||||
| Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income | 31% | 30% | 21% | 97th | HUD FMR (FY2026); U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023) |
| Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent | 25% | 25% | 18% | 88th | U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023) |
| Labor — domain score 84 · Rank 477 of 3,144 | |||||
| Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed | 5% | 4% | 4% | 84th | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS (May 2026) |
| Safety Net & Buffer — domain score 51 · Rank 1,549 of 3,144 | |||||
| Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line | 26% | 12% | 18% | 83rd | U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023) |
| Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability | 16% | 12% | 16% | 55th | U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023) |
| Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line | 18% | 10% | 14% | 76th | U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023) |
| Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage | 3% | 3% | 8% | 3rd | U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023) |
Five-Domain Breakdown
The CDI is an equal-weight composite of five family-v1 distress domains. Each domain contributes 20% of the county score.
Methodology
The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. Higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from five equal-weighted domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Each domain is the mean of distress-oriented indicator percentiles; the CDI score is the equal-weight mean of those domain scores.
Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), FRED/Equifax (subprime credit share), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2022 to 2026 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.
For Press & Research
Everything you need to cite Hampden County data — in under 60 seconds.
Draft wire copy 144-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
SPRINGFIELD, Mass. — Hampden County ranks 619th among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.
The composite score of 67.8 out of 100 gives Hampden a moderate-high county distress label. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, 618 counties rank more distressed. Within Massachusetts, Hampden ranks first of 14 counties.
The index, which draws on 13 source indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies debt burden (housing basis) as the primary driver in Hampden. A rent-to-income ratio of 31% — above the national median of 21%.
"Hampden County has a moderate-high county distress score. The domain mix shows whether pressure is concentrated or spread across the profile," said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.
Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Hampden County's CDI score, and what does it mean?
What drives Hampden County's distress score?
How does Hampden County compare to its neighbors?
How is the County Distress Index calculated?
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