#400 Top 500 Most Distressed Counties · 2026

Brooks County, Texas

Serious 400th of 3,144 counties nationally · 6,848 residents How this is calculated →
The headline number
53% Brooks residents
vs.
23% U.S. median

More than double the national median of residents with debt in collections — and 27.7× the rate of the healthiest U.S. county (Logan County, ND — 2%).

Urban Institute (2024)

Main Findings

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Brooks County, Texas ranks 400th most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: 53% of residents with a credit file carry debt in collections — more than double the national median of 23%.

Key Findings
  • 400th of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — Serious zone, 57th in Texas.
  • 53% of residents with a credit file carry debt in collections (U.S. median 23%). Debt in collections at the 95th percentile nationally.
  • Poverty rate at 30% — national median 14%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
  • Rent-to-income ratio at 32% — national median 21%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
  • Owner housing burden at 32% — national median 24%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
Distinctive Signals
Labor–Credit Divergence

Unemployment is 4%, near the national median of 4%, while debt in collections runs at the 95th percentile. Jobs exist; wages don't close the gap.

Boundary Signal

Neighbors span three CDI zones. The 25-point drop to Kenedy County marks where the South Texas distress corridor ends.

County Distress Index cluster map. Brooks County, Texas and its neighbors colored by distress zone.
Brooks and its 7 geographic neighbors, graded by County Distress Index score. Brooks County ranks 400th of 3,144. American Default Research
Wire quote — paste-ready, any angle 24 words

"The distress in Brooks County is the everyday kind: a household balance sheet bending under housing and health costs, not collapsing under job loss."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research
Analyst quote — for voice-y features 27 words

"Serious-zone counties are where the cost curve is accelerating faster than wages can keep up. The distress reads like a housing story first, a credit story second."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research

Reporter's Notes

Two data points in the indicator table worth a follow-up call.

Data anomaly
Rent burden (30%+) sits near the national median — the one indicator that doesn't fit

Brooks County's rent burden (30%+) indicator is at the 11th percentile — while every other indicator in the Housing Cost Burden domain is above the 56th. The gap stands out against owner housing burden and homeownership rate. Worth a call to Urban Institute or a local credit counselor in Brooks County.

Reporting hook
Child poverty at 45% — 2.5× the national median

45% of children under 18 in Brooks County live below the federal poverty line, versus 18% nationally. When a county's adult poverty rate is accompanied by a materially higher child poverty rate, the gap typically reflects single-parent household concentration or limited access to workforce-participation supports (childcare, transportation). Worth a call to the local school district's free-and-reduced-lunch coordinator or a regional United Way affiliate.

The Indicators Behind Brooks County's CDI Score

Every number traces to a public source. Brooks County's value shown alongside TX's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.

How to read the table. A domain score is a 0–100 composite of the indicators in that domain, where 50 = U.S. county median and higher = more distressed. Percentile is Brooks County's national rank among all 3,144 U.S. counties for that indicator, always oriented so higher = more distressed.
Indicator Brooks TX median U.S. median Pctile Source
Consumer Credit Distress — domain score 92 · Rank 63 of 3,144
Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections 53% 35% 23% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Medical debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have medical debt in collections 15% 9% 4% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due 13% 7% 5% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due 8% 7% 5% 79th Urban Institute (2024)
Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage 23% 17% 8% 95th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 47% 32% 23% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Housing Cost Burden — domain score 37 · Rank 2,069 of 3,144
Rent burden (30%+) Share of renter households paying 30%+ of income on rent 24% 37% 38% 11th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent 13% 17% 18% 22nd Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Owner housing burden Share of owner households paying 30%+ of income on housing 32% 23% 24% 95th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Homeownership rate Share of occupied housing units that are owner-occupied 53% 74% 74% 5th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Structural Poverty — domain score 89 · Rank 126 of 3,144
Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed 4% 4% 4% 47th BLS LAUS (Dec 2025)
Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line 30% 15% 14% 95th Census SAIPE (2023)
Household income relative to state Median household income as share of state median 0.61× 1.00× 1.00× 5th Census SAIPE (2023)
Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line 45% 22% 18% 95th Census SAIPE (2023)
Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability 23% 16% 16% 93rd Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Transfer-income dependency Share of personal income from government transfers 47% 26% 27% 95th BEA Regional Personal Income (2023)
Legal Distress — domain score 8 · Rank 2,909 of 3,144
Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents 44 78 126 8th US Courts F-5A (2025)
Economic Vitality — domain score 54 · Rank 1,324 of 3,144
Wage-to-rent ratio Ratio of average weekly wage to fair-market rent 4.8× 4.1× 4.0× 89th BLS QCEW × HUD FMR (2024)
Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income 32% 22% 21% 95th HUD FMR × Census ACS (2024)
Business formation rate New business applications per 1,000 residents 6.6 10.5 10.0 7th Census Business Formation Statistics (2024)
House price change (yoy) House price index year-over-year change 2% 2% 4% 30th FHFA HPI (2024)
Data compiled April 2026 from Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax 2024 panel), U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-yr 2023, SAIPE 2023, Business Formation Statistics 2024), Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS Dec 2025, QCEW 2024), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings 2025), and HUD Fair Market Rents (FY2024).

Five-Domain Breakdown

The CDI is a PCA-weighted composite of five statistically derived factors. Weights are proportional to each factor's share of explained variance across 3,144 counties.

Consumer Credit Distress Primary driver 92
Weight 47.5% · Rank 63 of 3,144 · Pctile 92
Structural Poverty 89
Weight 13.6% · Rank 126 of 3,144 · Pctile 89
Economic Vitality 54
Weight 9.2% · Rank 1,324 of 3,144 · Pctile 54
Housing Cost Burden 37
Weight 22.2% · Rank 2,069 of 3,144 · Pctile 37
Legal Distress 8
Weight 7.4% · Rank 2,909 of 3,144 · Pctile 8

Methodology

The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. A score of 50 represents the national county median; higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from 21 indicators grouped into five statistically derived factors via principal component analysis (PCA); factor weights are proportional to each factor's share of explained variance (shown in the Five-Domain Breakdown above).

Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, Business Formation Statistics), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2023 to 2025 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.

For Press & Research

Everything you need to cite Brooks County data — in under 60 seconds.

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Press contact: Ross Kilburn · press@americandefault.org · (307) 264-2992 · same-day response, 9am–6pm ET
Draft wire copy 157-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
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BROOKS, Texas. — Brooks County ranks 400th among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.

The composite score of 70 out of 100 places Brooks in the "Serious" zone, the highest-distress category on the index. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, only 399 rank worse. Within Texas, Brooks ranks 57th of 254 counties.

The index, which draws on 21 indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies consumer credit distress as the primary driver in Brooks. 53% of residents with a credit file carry debt in collections — more than double the national median of 23%.

"The distress in Brooks County is the everyday kind: a household balance sheet bending under housing and health costs, not collapsing under job loss." said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.

Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Brooks County's CDI score, and what does it mean?

Brooks County scores 70 out of 100 on the County Distress Index, placing it in the Serious zone. It ranks 400th of 3,144 U.S. counties and 57th of 254 Texas counties. A score of 50 is the national county median; higher = more distressed.

What drives Brooks County's distress score?

The primary driver is Consumer Credit Distress, at a domain score of 92. Debt in collections ranks at the 95th percentile nationally.

How does Brooks County compare to its neighbors?

Brooks County's neighbors span three CDI zones. Highest-distress neighbor: Jim Wells County (80.94, Crisis). Lowest: Kenedy County (55.49, Elevated).

How is the County Distress Index calculated?

The CDI is a 0–100 composite of 21 indicators across five factors, derived via principal component analysis. Factor weights: Consumer Credit Distress 47.5%, Housing Cost Burden 22.3%, Structural Poverty 13.6%, Economic Vitality 9.2%, Legal Distress 7.4%. Data from Urban Institute, Census Bureau, BLS, U.S. Courts, and HUD. Full methodology →
Ross Kilburn
Written by

Ross Kilburn, Founder

Founder · American Default Research · Seattle, Washington

Two decades working directly with financially distressed American households — from property preservation in 2003, to negotiating over 1,000 short sales during the Great Recession, to foreclosure defense marketing today. Author, The Ark Law Group Complete Guide to Short Sales (Auroch Press, 2013). Founded American Default Research in 2026.

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