About one in 20 people in Washington County, Minnesota, lives below the poverty line
In Washington County, 4.9% of people lived below the poverty line. That is lower than in 99% of U.S. counties.
Less distressed than 89% of U.S. counties.
What drives Washington County's score
In Washington County, housing costs are the highest-scoring part, at 53.6. Income and the safety net is the lowest part, at 2.5.
The County Distress Index looks at five parts of household money trouble in Washington County: jobs, late payments on loans, income and the safety net, collections and bankruptcy, and housing costs. Each part is scored from 0 to 100, and a higher score means worse off than other counties.
Even so, Washington County is worse off than most counties on renters paying half their income or more in rent (23.8%, 2020 to 2024).
A longer bar means more trouble. See how the county score works.
- 53.6 of 100
Housing costs
Biggest factorRenters, 2020–24 Census survey; HUD's fair market rents, fiscal year 2027
- Renters paying half their income or more in rent23.8% · 2020 to 202481st percentile
- Rent on a two-bedroom as a share of the median income18.4% · fiscal year 202725th percentile
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- 36.6 of 100
Collections and bankruptcy
Credit records, August 2025; bankruptcy filings, 2025
- People with unpaid debt sent to a collector9.6% · August 20252nd percentile
- Bankruptcy filings per 100,000 people181.4 · 202570th percentile
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- 27.4 of 100
Jobs
Unemployment through Sep 2026; adults not working, 2020–24 Census survey
- Unemployment rate, average over the latest year4.1% · Oct 2025 to Sep 202651st percentile
- Adults 25 to 54 not working10.9% · 2020 to 20243rd percentile
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- 6.1 of 100
Late payments
Credit records, August 2025; credit scores, second quarter of 2026
- People with a credit card behind2.8% · August 20258th percentile
- People with a car or retail loan behind2.4% · August 20257th percentile
- People with a subprime credit score23.1% · second quarter of 20261st percentile
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- 2.5 of 100
Income and safety net
Poverty and income, 2024; disability and insurance, 2020–24 Census survey
- People below the poverty line4.9% · 20240th percentile
- Children below the poverty line4.3% · 20240th percentile
- People with a disability9.9% · 2020 to 20243rd percentile
- People without health insurance3.5% · 2020 to 20244th percentile
- Median household income (lower income, longer bar)$113,057 · 20242nd percentile
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Sources: Urban Institute, Debt in America; Equifax via the St. Louis Fed; Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, Table F-5A; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Fair Market Rents and Census income; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics; Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates. County Distress Index by American Default Research, from data through Sep 2026.
Where the money in Washington County comes from
Benefit checks are Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid paid on people's behalf, veterans' benefits, and food and income support, so a high share usually means an older population, low pay, or both. In Washington County, 16.6% of residents are 65 or older (Census Bureau, 2024), against 17.2% nationally that year.
Cents of every dollar of income, 2024
Washington County
Minnesota
United States
- Pay from work
- Investments and rent
- Benefit checks
In Washington County, benefit checks' share of income has more than doubled since 1969, reaching 12.9% in 2024, but pay from work still brings in about five times as much as benefit checks
In Washington County, Minnesota, benefit checks' share of income more than doubled from 1969 to 2024, reaching 12.9%; pay from work is plotted alongside. Every fifth year and 2024 are shown.
- Benefit checks
- Pay from work
The share of households in Washington County getting SNAP food aid had its largest rise, from 3.0% in 2011 to 3.9% in 2012.
The share of households in Washington County getting SNAP food aid was at its highest on the chart in 2015 and has since fallen by about a fifth
Low on the chart: 2.5% in 2009. Households getting SNAP, every year; each bar is a five-year survey estimate ending that year, so neighboring bars share most of their data, Washington County, Minnesota.
How Washington County has changed
Washington County's population had its largest rise, from 141,537 in 1989 to 173,796 in 1994.
Washington County's population grew to about four times its 1969 size in 2024, reaching 283,960, with no dip in any year shown
Smallest rise: 1979 to 1984, reaching 122,543. Residents, yearly estimate, every fifth year and 2024, Washington County, Minnesota.
The jobs count covers work located in the county; the population count covers residents.
The number of jobs located in Washington County more than doubled to 96,635, the highest on the chart
Biggest rise: 1995 to 2000, reaching 67,317. Yearly average of jobs covered by unemployment insurance, every fifth year and 2025, Washington County, Minnesota.
| Measure | Then | Now |
|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rateBLS LAUS | 1990 3.7% | 2025 3.4% |
| People below the poverty lineCensus SAIPE | 1989 4.2% | 2024 4.9% |
| Median household incomeCensus SAIPE | 1989 $46,127 | 2024 $113,057 |
The table uses 3.4% for 2025; the score uses 4.1% for the latest year (Oct 2025 to Sep 2026), both from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Figures are as each agency published them, not adjusted for prices.
Dated events in Washington County's history
1849
County created October 1849 as one of nine counties established by territorial legislature. Wikipedia
1998
Hail in May 1998 did $10 million in property damage. NOAA Storm Events Database
1998
A thunderstorm in May 1998 did $14 million in property damage. NOAA Storm Events Database
2008
A tornado in May 2008 did $25 million in property damage and killed one person. NOAA Storm Events Database
2009
Lightning in July 2009 killed one person. NOAA Storm Events Database
2020
The county's largest recorded population was the 2020 Census count of 267,568, which is also its most recent census. Census Bureau
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Since 1965
16 federal disaster and emergency declarations have covered Washington County, 11 of them for flooding. FEMA
Washington County beside its neighbors
Of the seven counties that border Washington County, in Minnesota and Wisconsin, five score higher. Of the group, Washington County gets the smallest share of its income from benefit checks; Polk County gets the largest, at 24.7%.
| County | Score | Poverty | Benefit checks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ramsey County, MN | 45 | 13.3% | 20.3% |
| Chisago County, MN | 25 | 6.4% | 20.3% |
| Anoka County, MN | 23 | 6.9% | 17.7% |
| Dakota County, MN | 16 | 7.1% | 14.8% |
| Polk County, WI | 14 | 9.1% | 24.7% |
| Washington County, MN | 10 | 4.9% | 12.9% |
| St. Croix County, WI | 5 | 5.9% | 14.0% |
| Pierce County, WI | 5 | 7.8% | 19.2% |
Distress score: American Default Research, County Distress Index, data through Sep 2026; each county scored against all 3,144. Poverty rate: Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, 2024. Benefit checks: Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2024. Neighbors share a border, from Census county maps.
Is Washington County the poorest county in Minnesota?
No, Washington County's poverty rate was 4.9% in 2024, 86th highest of 87 in Minnesota (U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates). By that measure the poorest county in the state is Beltrami County, at 17.3%. On our distress index, which counts more than poverty, Washington County ranks 68th of 87 in the state.
If you're behind on your mortgage in Washington County
Housing counselors approved by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development work at nonprofit agencies. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau describes free foreclosure-avoidance counseling, including help with mortgage-company conversations and available options Source CFPB.
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Washington County Community Development Agency
HUD-approved housing counselor
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Southern Minnesota Regional Legal Services
Legal aid
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HUD-approved housing counselors
Our help directory lists 1,010 agencies approved for foreclosure counseling, by state.
The score, its 14 measures and their sources, in one file. Free to use with credit to American Default Research.
Download the CSV for Washington County · Every U.S. county (CSV)
Sources and method
- American Default Research · County Distress Index Data through Sep 2026, built from Urban Institute, Debt in America; Equifax via the St. Louis Fed; U.S. Courts, Table F-5A; Census Bureau, American Community Survey; HUD Fair Market Rents and Census income; Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics; Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates. The County Distress Index is American Default Research's own calculation; the Urban Institute does not produce or endorse it. Our methodology
- Urban Institute · Debt in America Breno Braga, Signe-Mary McKernan, Samantha Atherton, and Kassandra Martinchek, "Debt in America," last updated November 20, 2025, https://datacatalog.urban.org/dataset/debt-america-2025. Licensed under ODC-By 1.0.
- Rent on a two-bedroom and household income The rent share compares HUD fair market rent for fiscal year 2027 with Census Bureau median household income for 2024. The page calls this the typical household's income.
- U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Accounts (CAINC4) · income shares Where the money in Washington County comes from, 2024.
- History The agencies named in each row and the linked records above.