Modoc County, California
Above the national median for unemployment — and 23.3× the rate of the healthiest U.S. county (Loving County, TX — 0%).
Main Findings
Modoc County, California ranks 936th most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: 7% of the labor force is unemployed — above the national median of 4%.
- 936th of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — Second-most distressed fifth, 22nd in California.
- 7% of the labor force is unemployed (U.S. median 4%). Unemployment at the 95th percentile nationally.
- Rent-to-income ratio at 26% — national median 21%, ranked at the 83rd percentile.
- Transfer-income dependency at 37% — national median 27%, ranked at the 89th percentile.
- Debt in collections at 24% — national median 23%, ranked at the 53rd percentile.
Neighbors span three CDI distress fifths. The 21-point drop to Washoe County, NV marks a cross-border distress gradient.
"Modoc County ranks in the second-most distressed fifth of U.S. counties. The score is above the national county midpoint, with the domain table showing the local pressure mix."
"The CDI places this county in the second-most distressed fifth nationally. The county sits above the median distress position, with the five-domain profile showing which local pressures carry the score."
Reporter's Notes
Two data points in the indicator table worth a follow-up call.
28% of children under 18 in Modoc County live below the federal poverty line, versus 18% nationally. When a county's adult poverty rate is accompanied by a materially higher child poverty rate, the gap typically reflects single-parent household concentration or limited access to workforce-participation supports (childcare, transportation). Worth a call to the local school district's free-and-reduced-lunch coordinator or a regional United Way affiliate.
The Indicators Behind Modoc County's CDI Score
Every number traces to a public source. Modoc County's value shown alongside CA's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.
| Indicator | Modoc | CA median | U.S. median | Pctile | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delinquency — domain score 24 · Rank 2,445 of 3,144 | |||||
| Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due | 2% | 4% | 5% | 6th | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due | 4% | 5% | 5% | 30th | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 | 21% | 20% | 23% | 37th | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Default & Legal — domain score 34 · Rank 2,263 of 3,144 | |||||
| Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections | 24% | 18% | 23% | 53rd | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents | 59 | 119 | 126 | 14th | US Courts F-5A (2025) |
| Debt Burden (housing basis) — domain score 78 · Rank 448 of 3,144 | |||||
| Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income | 26% | 27% | 21% | 83rd | HUD FMR × Census ACS (2024) |
| Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent | 22% | 25% | 18% | 74th | Census ACS 5-yr (2023) |
| Labor — domain score 95 · Rank 81 of 3,144 | |||||
| Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed | 7% | 5% | 4% | 95th | BLS LAUS (Dec 2025) |
| Safety Net & Buffer — domain score 75 · Rank 601 of 3,144 | |||||
| Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line | 28% | 16% | 18% | 87th | Census SAIPE (2023) |
| Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability | 19% | 13% | 16% | 75th | Census ACS 5-yr (2023) |
| Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line | 20% | 13% | 14% | 86th | Census SAIPE (2023) |
| Transfer-income dependency Share of personal income from government transfers | 37% | 24% | 27% | 89th | BEA Regional Personal Income (2023) |
| Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage | 10% | 6% | 8% | 63rd | Census ACS 5-yr (2023) |
Five-Domain Breakdown
The CDI is an equal-weight composite of five family-v1 distress domains. Each domain contributes 20% of the county score.
Methodology
The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. Higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from five equal-weighted domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Each domain is the mean of distress-oriented indicator percentiles; the CDI score is the equal-weight mean of those domain scores.
Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, Business Formation Statistics), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2023 to 2025 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.
For Press & Research
Everything you need to cite Modoc County data — in under 60 seconds.
Draft wire copy 150-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
ALTURAS, Calif. — Modoc County ranks 936th among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.
The composite score of 61 out of 100 places Modoc in the second-most distressed fifth. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, 935 counties rank more distressed. Within California, Modoc ranks 22nd of 58 counties.
The index, which draws on 16 source indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies labor as the primary driver in Modoc. 7% of the labor force is unemployed — above the national median of 4%.
"Modoc County ranks in the second-most distressed fifth of U.S. counties. The score is above the national county midpoint, with the domain table showing the local pressure mix," said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.
Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Modoc County's CDI score, and what does it mean?
What drives Modoc County's distress score?
How does Modoc County compare to its neighbors?
How is the County Distress Index calculated?
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