| Alabama | Without a court | - Notice to you by certified mail: at least 30 days before the sale, for a home with a homestead exemption claimed that tax year (Ala. Code § 6-5-248(h)).
- Newspaper notice: first of three weekly notices at least 18 days before the sale (Ala. Code § 35-10-13; § 6-8-62).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Alabama |
| Alaska | Without a court | - Default to recorded notice: at least 30 days after default; recorded notice to trustee sale: at least 90 days before sale (AS 34.20.070(b)).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Alaska |
| Arizona | Without a court | - Notice of sale to sale: the sale can come no sooner than the 91st day after the notice of sale is recorded (A.R.S. § 33-808).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Arizona |
| Arkansas | Without a court | - Notice of default to sale: at least 60 days after the notice of default is recorded (A.C.A. § 18-50-104).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Arkansas |
| California | Without a court | - For the borrowers, properties and servicers covered by § 2923.5, wait at least 30 days after required initial contact or completion of the defined due diligence before recording default; application protections and exceptions also apply. If the borrower requests a subsequent meeting, the servicer must schedule it to occur within 14 days under this section.
- Power-of-sale track: sale cannot be earlier than three months and 20 days after recording the notice of default; the sale notice may be recorded up to five days before the initial three-month period ends (Cal. Civ. Code § 2924(a)).
- Sale notice: ordinarily record and post at least 20 days before sale and publish once weekly for three consecutive calendar weeks, first publication at least 20 days before sale. Special Unruh Act, property and postponement provisions apply (§ 2924f).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for California |
| Colorado | Without a court | - For a covered residential payment default, the holder mails notice at least 30 days after default and at least 30 days before filing the notice of election and demand; repeat-default and seller-lender exceptions apply (C.R.S. § 38-38-102.5).
- Nonagricultural public-trustee track: initial sale is scheduled 110–125 calendar days after recording the notice of election and demand. Sheriff sales use the lis pendens anchor; agricultural property has different periods. Continuances can change the actual sale (C.R.S. § 38-38-108).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Colorado |
| Connecticut | Through a court | - Mortgage assistance notice: for a covered home loan, the lender mails it before filing, and no judgment can enter until the 60 days it gives you to respond have passed (Conn. Gen. Stat. §§ 8-265dd, 8-265ee).
- For a case covered by the foreclosure mediation program, file the appearance and foreclosure mediation certificate no later than 15 days from the return date; eligibility, late-request and court-order rules apply (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 49-31l).
- Removal: a state marshal can remove you no sooner than five business days after serving the ejectment order (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 49-22).
Most foreclosures here are strict foreclosures: a judge sets the day title passes to the lender, and no law sets how fast that is. State law for Connecticut |
| Delaware | Through a court | - Notice of intent to foreclose: sent at least 45 days before the case can be filed, for a 1- to 4-family home you live in (10 Del. C. § 5062B).
- Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the complaint (Del. Super. Ct. Civ. R. 12(a)).
- Sale notice: posted and delivered to you at least 10 days before the sale, and advertised in newspapers for 2 weeks before it (10 Del. C. § 4973).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Delaware |
| District of Columbia | Without a court | - Notice of default to mediation certificate: at least 45 days, if you don't choose mediation (D.C. Code § 42-815.02).
- Notice to the Mayor: at least 30 days before the sale (D.C. Code § 42-815).
The lender sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and, if you choose mediation, on how long mediation takes. State law for District of Columbia |
| Florida | Through a court | - Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the complaint (Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.140(a)(1)).
- When the court uses the § 45.031 judicial-sale procedure, it ordinarily schedules sale 20–35 days after judgment or order; a later sale is allowed with plaintiff or plaintiff-attorney consent. The court order controls (Fla. Stat. § 45.031(1)(a)).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Florida |
| Georgia | Without a court | - Notice to you: at least 30 days before the sale (O.C.G.A. § 44-14-162.2).
- Newspaper ads: once a week for the four weeks before the sale (O.C.G.A. § 44-14-162).
Sales are held on the first Tuesday of the month (O.C.G.A. § 44-14-162), so the date also depends on that calendar and the lender's schedule. State law for Georgia |
| Hawaii | Both are used | - Part II nonjudicial track: sale is no earlier than the later of 60 days after the public notice is distributed and 14 days after the third newspaper publication (HRS § 667-25).
- Publication under HRS § 667-27(d): ordinarily three consecutive weekly newspaper notices; the statute also allows a state-website route at least 28 days before sale with a newspaper notice at least 14 days before sale, subject to the stated owner-occupant filing conditions. Mailing, delivery and property posting are separate requirements.
Lenders use both a court case and a no-court process here. The court track depends on the judge, so there's no single fastest date. State law for Hawaii |
| Idaho | Without a court | - Trustee-sale notice: mailed by registered or certified mail to the specified recipients at least 120 days before sale, after recording the notice of default (Idaho Code § 45-1506(2)).
- Occupant-service attempts: ordinarily three good-faith attempts on different days over at least seven days, each at least 30 days before sale; successful-service and posting exceptions apply (§ 45-1506(5)).
- Publication: four successive weekly notices, with the last at least 30 days before sale; mailing, required posting and publication affidavits are recorded at least 20 days before sale (§ 45-1506(6)–(7)).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Idaho |
| Illinois | Through a court | - Residential property at the start of the case: the ordinary redemption period ends on the later of 7 months after all mortgagors have been served or otherwise submit to court jurisdiction, or 3 months after the foreclosure judgment. This is a pre-sale redemption period, not time from first missed payment to sale.
- The court can shorten that period: to the later of reinstatement expiry or 60 days after judgment when it finds value below 90% of the redemption amount and the mortgagee waives all personal deficiencies; or to 30 days after judgment when it finds abandonment. Valid waiver and court orders also matter.
- A stay of enforcement or sale alone does not stop the redemption clock. An actual authorized stay of the redemption period or a federal statutory extension has separate rules. Ask a lawyer promptly about your court papers.
The court record controls the applicable redemption period and sale steps; no date is calculated from this reference. State law for Illinois |
| Indiana | Through a court | - Pre-suit notice: at least 30 days before the lender files the foreclosure case (IC 32-30-10.5-8).
- Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the complaint, or 30 days after the last newspaper notice if you're served by publication (Ind. Trial Rules 6(D)(1), 4.13).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Indiana |
| Iowa | Through a court | - Right-to-cure notice: for a one- or two-family home you live in, at least 30 days before the lender can speed up the loan or start foreclosure (Iowa Code § 654.2D).
- Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the petition (Iowa R. Civ. P. 1.303).
- Notice of sale: at least four weeks before the sheriff's sale, and written notice served on you at least 20 days before it if you live there (Iowa Code §§ 626.74, 626.78).
The sale waits on a judge. The law sets minimum notice periods and, in a foreclosure without redemption, lets you delay the sale by filing a demand before judgment, but it does not set how fast a court case goes. State law for Iowa |
| Kansas | Through a court | - Notice of your right to cure: for a covered loan from a mortgage company, 20 days to catch up before it can speed up the loan (K.S.A. 9-2234).
- Your answer: due 21 days after you're served with the summons and petition (K.S.A. 60-212(a)).
- Sale notice: published once a week for three weeks, the last 7 to 14 days before the sale (K.S.A. 60-2410).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Kansas |
| Kentucky | Through a court | - Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the complaint (Ky. CR 12).
The sale waits on a judge. No law sets how fast the court case goes, but once the court refers the case to the Master Commissioner for sale, court rules require the sale within 90 days (the court can extend that by up to 30 days). State law for Kentucky |
| Louisiana | Through a court | - Suspensive appeal: due within 15 days after you're served with the notice of seizure (La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 2642).
- Newspaper notice: the sale is advertised twice, the first time at least 30 days before the sale (La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 2331; La. R.S. 43:203).
- Appraisers: the sheriff tells you and the lender to each name one at least 7 days before the sale, not counting holidays (La. R.S. 13:4363).
Foreclosure here runs through a court order (executory process), and the sale date depends on the court and the sheriff, not a fixed legal period. State law for Louisiana |
| Maine | Through a court | - Notice of your right to cure: at least 35 days to catch up before the lender can speed up the loan and sue (14 M.R.S.A. § 6111).
- Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the complaint (M.R. Civ. P. 12).
- Sale notice: published once a week for three weeks before the public sale (14 M.R.S.A. § 6323).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Maine |
| Maryland | Through a court | - Notice of intent to foreclose: sent at least 45 days before the case is filed (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 7-105.1).
The law sets the earliest date the sale can happen after the case is filed, and a judge must approve (ratify) the sale afterward, but no law sets how fast the case goes. State law for Maryland |
| Massachusetts | Without a court | - Notice of your right to cure: 90 days to catch up before the lender can move ahead (M.G.L. c. 244 § 35A).
- Newspaper notice: the first ad runs at least 21 days before the sale (M.G.L. c. 244 § 14).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Massachusetts |
| Michigan | Without a court | - Foreclosure by advertisement: publish once weekly for four successive weeks; post a copy conspicuously on the premises within 15 days after first publication (MCL 600.3208).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Michigan |
| Minnesota | Without a court | - Foreclosure by advertisement: six weeks of published sale notice (Minn. Stat. § 580.03).
- If actually occupied, serve the person in possession at least four weeks before sale, with the additional notices required by §§ 580.041 and 580.042 (Minn. Stat. § 580.03).
The law gives no single start-to-sale length, and a redemption period, usually six months, follows the sale (Minn. Stat. § 580.23). State law for Minnesota |
| Mississippi | Without a court | - Newspaper notice: three weeks of ads before the sale (Miss. Code § 89-1-55).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Mississippi |
| Missouri | Without a court | - Notice of sale: at least 20 days before the sale, by newspaper ads (four weekly issues, or at least 20 daily insertions in counties with a city of 50,000 or more) and by certified or registered mail (RSMo §§ 443.310, 443.320, 443.325).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Missouri |
| Montana | Without a court | - Notice of sale: mailed at least 120 days before the sale (MCA § 71-1-315).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Montana |
| Nebraska | Without a court | - Notice of default to notice of sale: at least one month (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1006).
- Notice of sale: five weekly ads, the last at least 10 days before the sale (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1007).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Nebraska |
| Nevada | Without a court | - Before the notice of default: a notice at least 30 days before it's recorded (NRS 107.500).
- Notice of default to sale: at least 3 months (NRS 107.080).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Nevada |
| New Hampshire | Without a court | - Notice to you: at least 45 days before the sale (RSA 479:25).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for New Hampshire |
| New Jersey | Through a court | - Notice of intention to foreclose: at least 30 days, and no more than 180 days, before the case is filed (N.J.S.A. 2A:50-56).
- Sale notice: at least 21 days before the sheriff's sale (N.J.S.A. 2A:61-1).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for New Jersey |
| New Mexico | Through a court | - Notice before the case: at least 30 days before the complaint is filed (NMSA 1978 § 58-21A-6).
- Your answer: due 30 days after you're served (N.M. R. Civ. P. 1-012).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for New Mexico |
| New York | Through a court | - 90-day notice: at least 90 days before the case is filed (RPAPL § 1304).
- Your answer: due 20 days after you're served in person in New York, or 30 days after other kinds of service (CPLR § 320(a)).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for New York |
| North Carolina | Without a court | - Covered home loans on a primary residence: mail the pre-foreclosure notice at least 45 days before filing the notice of hearing (N.C. Gen. Stat. § 45-102).
- Clerk’s hearing: ordinarily serve notice at least 10 days before hearing; posting service requires at least 20 days and statutory conditions. Untimely service requires a continuance (§ 45-21.16).
- Sale: post and mail required notices at least 20 days beforehand; publish once weekly for at least two successive weeks, with the last publication no more than 10 days before sale. Recipient and rental-unit conditions apply (§ 45-21.17).
A court clerk must hold a hearing before the sale, and the hearing date depends on the clerk's calendar. State law for North Carolina |
| North Dakota | Through a court | - Notice before foreclosure: served at least 30 days, and no more than 90 days, before the case is filed (N.D.C.C. § 32-19-20).
- Your answer: due 21 days after you're served (N.D.R.Civ.P. 12).
State law requires a court case for an ordinary home loan (N.D.C.C. § 35-22-01), and the sale date depends on the court's schedule. State law for North Dakota |
| Ohio | Through a court | - Your answer: due 28 days after you're served (Ohio Civ.R. 12).
- Sale notice: published once a week for at least three consecutive weeks before the sale; written notice of the sale date served on the parties (except any in default for not appearing), with proof filed at least 7 days before the sale (ORC § 2329.26).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Ohio |
| Oklahoma | Through a court | - Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the summons and petition, or 35 days if the lender chooses (12 O.S. § 2012).
- Wait after judgment: if the mortgage waives appraisement, the sale can't be ordered until six months after the judgment (12 O.S. § 760).
- Sale notice: first published at least 30 days before the sheriff's sale, and mailed to you at least 10 days before it (12 O.S. § 764).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Oklahoma |
| Oregon | Without a court | - Notice of sale to sale: at least 120 days (ORS 86.764).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Oregon |
| Pennsylvania | Through a court | - Notice of intention to foreclose: at least 30 days before the case can be filed (41 P.S. § 403).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Pennsylvania |
| Rhode Island | Without a court | - Individual consumer mortgagors: mail certified sale notice at least 30 days before first publication; other mortgagors have a 20-day period. Address and servicemember protections apply (R.I. Gen. Laws § 34-27-4).
- Publish once weekly for three successive weeks; first publication at least 21 days before sale and third publication 7–14 days before the original sale date. Adjournment changes the publication requirements (§ 34-27-4).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Rhode Island |
| South Carolina | Through a court | - Your answer: due 30 days after you're served with the complaint (S.C.R. Civ. P. 12(a)).
- Notice of sale: advertised for three weeks immediately before the sale day (S.C. Code Ann. § 15-39-650).
- Bidding after the sale: unless the lender waives a deficiency judgment, bidding stays open until the 30th day after the sale (S.C.R. Civ. P. 71(b)).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for South Carolina |
| South Dakota | Without a court | - Notice of sale: served at least 21 days before the sale, with four weekly ads (SDCL 21-48-6, 21-48-6.1).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for South Dakota |
| Tennessee | Without a court | - Mailed notice to you: at least 20 days before the sale, sent on or before the first newspaper notice (Tenn. Code Ann. § 35-5-101(d)).
- Newspaper notice: at least two ads, the first at least 20 days before the sale (Tenn. Code Ann. § 35-5-101).
- Online notice: posted online for at least 20 continuous days (Tenn. Code Ann. § 35-5-101).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. An older separate debtor notice (the former Tenn. Code Ann. § 35-5-117) was repealed effective January 1, 2013. State law for Tennessee |
| Texas | Without a court | - Notice to cure: at least 20 days to catch up before the notice of sale can go out (Tex. Prop. Code § 51.002(d)).
- Notice of sale: at least 21 days before the sale (Tex. Prop. Code § 51.002(b)).
Sales are held on the first Tuesday of the month, or the first Wednesday when that Tuesday is January 1 or July 4 (Tex. Prop. Code § 51.002(a), (a-1)), so the date also depends on that calendar and the lender's schedule. State law for Texas |
| Utah | Without a court | - Trustee-sale track: after at least three months from recording the notice of default, the trustee gives notice of sale (Utah Code § 57-1-24).
- Sale notice: newspaper publication once weekly for three consecutive weeks, with the last publication 10–30 days before sale; electronic publication for 30 days; property and county-recorder posting at least 20 days before sale (Utah Code § 57-1-25).
- Sale notice mailing: at least 20 days before sale to recorded notice requesters and parties whose trust deed contains a notice request; recipient and address conditions apply (Utah Code § 57-1-26).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Utah |
| Vermont | Through a court | - Time to redeem: six months from the court's decree for a home you live in or farmland, unless the court orders less (12 V.S.A. § 4946(b)).
- Sale notice by mail: at least 30 days before the sale, sent after the redemption period ends (12 V.S.A. § 4952(c)).
- Newspaper notice: once a week for three weeks, the first at least 21 days before the sale (12 V.S.A. § 4952(b)).
- Earliest sale of a home you live in: seven months after you're served with the complaint, unless the court shortens the redemption period or you and the lender agree to less (12 V.S.A. § 4946(b)).
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Vermont |
| Virginia | Without a court | - Notice of sale: mailed at least 60 days before the sale of a home you live in (Va. Code § 55.1-321).
- Newspaper ads: the sale must be held at least 8 days after the first ad and no more than 30 days after the last (Va. Code § 55.1-322).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Virginia |
| Washington | Without a court | - Contact letter: at least 90 days before the notice of default if the borrower responds; if not, contact efforts must end at least 30 days before it (RCW 61.24.031).
- Notice of default to notice of sale: at least 30 days (RCW 61.24.030).
- Notice of sale: recorded at least 90 days before the sale, or at least 120 days if the contact letter was required (RCW 61.24.040).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Washington |
| West Virginia | Without a court | - Notice of your right to cure: where the state's consumer credit law applies, 10 days to catch up before the lender can speed up the loan, sue or demand payment, or take the property (W. Va. Code § 46A-2-106).
- Notice of sale: two weekly newspaper ads before the sale, and a copy sent to you by certified mail (W. Va. Code §§ 38-1-4, 59-3-2).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for West Virginia |
| Wisconsin | Through a court | - Your answer: due 20 days after you're served with the complaint (Wis. Stat. § 802.06(1)(a)).
- Wait after judgment: for an owner-occupied home of one to four units, the sale can't come until 6 months after the judgment if the mortgage was signed on or after April 27, 2016, or 12 months if it was signed earlier; a lender's deficiency waiver, an abandoned home or an agreement between the parties can shorten it (Wis. Stat. §§ 846.10(2), 846.101, 846.102). A qualifying pre-judgment motion based on a good-faith effort to sell can extend the newer-mortgage period to eight months; the court order controls.
The sale waits on a judge, and no law sets how fast a court case goes. State law for Wisconsin |
| Wyoming | Without a court | - Notice of intent to foreclose: at least 10 days before the ads start (Wyo. Stat. § 34-4-103).
- Newspaper ads: four weekly ads before the sale (Wyo. Stat. § 34-4-104).
The lender or trustee sets the sale date, so the total depends on its schedule and any postponements. State law for Wyoming |
