In Portsmouth city, Virginia, rent on a two-bedroom takes about one in three dollars of the typical household's income

In Portsmouth city, 32.4% of the typical household's income would go to rent on a two-bedroom. That is higher than in 98% of U.S. counties.

County Distress Index Data through Sep 2026
8th
of 133 counties in Virginia
96score /100

More distressed than 96% of U.S. counties.

What drives Portsmouth city's score

In Portsmouth city, housing costs weigh most: the score for housing costs is 94.9. Collections and bankruptcy comes next, at 92.7.

The County Distress Index looks at five parts of household money trouble in Portsmouth city: jobs, late payments on loans, income and the safety net, collections and bankruptcy, and housing costs. Each part is scored from 0 to 100, and a higher score means worse off than other counties.

Portsmouth city does better than most counties on one measure: people without health insurance (7.4%, 2020 to 2024).

A longer bar means more trouble. See how the county score works.

  • Housing costs

    Biggest factor
    94.9 of 100

    Renters, 2020–24 Census survey; HUD's fair market rents, fiscal year 2027

    • Renters paying half their income or more in rent
      26.7% · 2020 to 2024
      91st percentile
    • Rent on a two-bedroom as a share of the median income
      32.4% · fiscal year 2027
      98th percentile
  • Collections and bankruptcy

    92.7 of 100

    Credit records, August 2025; bankruptcy filings, 2025

    • People with unpaid debt sent to a collector
      37.6% · August 2025
      90th percentile
    • Bankruptcy filings per 100,000 people
      365.7 · 2025
      94th percentile
  • Late payments

    91.3 of 100

    Credit records, August 2025; credit scores, second quarter of 2026

    • People with a credit card behind
      10.9% · August 2025
      96th percentile
    • People with a car or retail loan behind
      8.7% · August 2025
      87th percentile
    • People with a subprime credit score
      55.2% · second quarter of 2026
      89th percentile
  • Jobs

    64.9 of 100

    Unemployment through Sep 2026; adults not working, 2020–24 Census survey

    • Unemployment rate, average over the latest year
      4.7% · Oct 2025 to Sep 2026
      71st percentile
    • Adults 25 to 54 not working
      22.0% · 2020 to 2024
      58th percentile
  • Income and safety net

    63.0 of 100

    Poverty and income, 2024; disability and insurance, 2020–24 Census survey

    • People below the poverty line
      15.2% · 2024
      66th percentile
    • Children below the poverty line
      23.8% · 2024
      78th percentile
    • People with a disability
      17.0% · 2020 to 2024
      59th percentile
    • People without health insurance
      7.4% · 2020 to 2024
      45th percentile
    • Median household income (lower income, longer bar)
      $61,783 · 2024
      65th percentile

Sources: Urban Institute, Debt in America; Equifax via the St. Louis Fed; Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, Table F-5A; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Fair Market Rents and Census income; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics; Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates. County Distress Index by American Default Research, from data through Sep 2026.

Where the money in Portsmouth city comes from

Benefit checks are Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid paid on people's behalf, veterans' benefits, and food and income support, so a high share usually means an older population, low pay, or both. In Portsmouth city, 15.5% of residents are 65 or older (Census Bureau, 2024), against 17.2% nationally that year.

Cents of every dollar of income, 2024

Portsmouth city

54 14 32

Virginia

63 21 16

United States

61 21 18
  • Pay from work
  • Investments and rent
  • Benefit checks
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Accounts (CAINC4), shares of all personal income received by residents, 2024. Pay from work is total income minus the other two, so the three add to 100.

In Portsmouth city, benefit checks' share of income has grown to about five times its 1969 level, reaching 31.9% in 2024, but pay from work still brings in nearly twice as much as benefit checks

In Portsmouth city, Virginia, benefit checks' share of income grew to about five times its 1969 level by 2024, reaching 31.9%; pay from work is plotted alongside. Every fifth year and 2024 are shown.

  • Benefit checks
  • Pay from work
0%45%90% 196919741979198419891994199920042009201420192024 0%45%90% 196919791989199920092024
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Accounts (CAINC4), shares of all personal income received by residents, Portsmouth city, Virginia American Default Research · americandefault.org/counties/virginia/portsmouth-city-va/
Download data (CSV)

SNAP food aid is one of the benefit checks counted in the income totals above.

The share of households in Portsmouth city getting SNAP food aid doubled to 19.9%, the highest on the chart

Biggest rise: 2011 to 2012, reaching 15.4%. Households getting SNAP, every year; each bar is a five-year survey estimate ending that year, so neighboring bars share most of their data, Portsmouth city, Virginia.

0%10%20% 10.3%19.9% 2009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024 0%10%20% 10.3%19.9% 20092011201320152017201920212024
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates American Default Research · americandefault.org/counties/virginia/portsmouth-city-va/
Download data (CSV)

How Portsmouth city has changed

Portsmouth city's population fell by about a quarter from 1969 to 2024, reaching 96,482, with most of the change between 1969 and 1974

High on the chart: 125,300 in 1969. Residents, yearly estimate, every fifth year and 2024, Portsmouth city, Virginia.

0100,000200,000 125,30096,482 196919741979198419891994199920042009201420192024 0100,000200,000 125,30096,482 196919791989199920092024
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Accounts American Default Research · americandefault.org/counties/virginia/portsmouth-city-va/
Download data (CSV)

The jobs count covers work located in the county; the population count covers residents.

The number of jobs located in Portsmouth city fell 7% from 1990 to 2025, with most of the change between 1990 and 1995

High on the chart: 46,368 in 1990. Yearly average of jobs covered by unemployment insurance, every fifth year and 2025, Portsmouth city, Virginia.

025,00050,000 46,36843,065 19901995200020052010201520202025 025,00050,000 46,36843,065 19901995200020052010201520202025
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages American Default Research · americandefault.org/counties/virginia/portsmouth-city-va/
Download data (CSV)
MeasureThenNowSource
Unemployment rateBLS LAUS 1990 6.6% 2025 4.3% BLS LAUS
People below the poverty lineCensus SAIPE 1989 19.5% 2024 15.2% Census SAIPE
Median household incomeCensus SAIPE 1989 $23,801 2024 $61,783 Census SAIPE

The table uses 4.3% for 2025; the score uses 4.7% for the latest year (Oct 2025 to Sep 2026), both from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Figures are as each agency published them, not adjusted for prices.

Dated events in Portsmouth city's history

  1. 1752

    Portsmouth founded by politician William Crawford in 1752. Wikipedia

  2. 1855

    Yellow fever outbreak in 1855 spread to Norfolk. Wikipedia

  3. 1960

    The county's largest recorded population was the 1960 Census count of 114,773. The 2020 Census counted 97,915, 85% of the peak. Census Bureau

  4. 1971

    A tornado in November 1971 did $2.5 million in property damage. NOAA Storm Events Database

  5. 2016

    A flood in October 2016 did $3 million in property damage. NOAA Storm Events Database

  6. Since 1972

    18 federal disaster and emergency declarations have covered Portsmouth city, 2 of them for flooding. FEMA

Portsmouth city beside its neighbors

Portsmouth city scores higher than all three counties that border it. Of the group, Portsmouth city gets the largest share of its income from benefit checks (31.9%).

CountyDistress scoreScoreRank in its state Poverty rateBenefit checks, share of incomeBenefit checks
Portsmouth city, VA 96 8th of 133 15.2% 31.9%
Norfolk city, VA 88 15th of 133 15.3% 27.1%
Suffolk city, VA 55 62nd of 133 8.3% 21.9%
Chesapeake city, VA 48 69th of 133 10.5% 19.6%

Distress score: American Default Research, County Distress Index, data through Sep 2026; each county scored against all 3,144. Poverty rate: Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, 2024. Benefit checks: Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2024. Neighbors share a border, from Census county maps.

Is Portsmouth city the poorest county in Virginia?

No, Portsmouth city's poverty rate was 15.2% in 2024, 43rd highest of 133 in Virginia (U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates). By that measure the poorest county in the state is Radford city, at 27.2%. On our distress index, which counts more than poverty, Portsmouth city ranks 8th of 133 in the state.

If you're behind on your mortgage in Portsmouth city

Housing counselors approved by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development work at nonprofit agencies. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau describes free foreclosure-avoidance counseling, including help with mortgage-company conversations and available options Source CFPB.

Virginia foreclosure guide →

The score, its 14 measures and their sources, in one file. Free to use with credit to American Default Research.

Download the CSV for Portsmouth city · Every U.S. county (CSV)

Cite this Portsmouth city, Virginia, scores 96 on the County Distress Index (data through Sep 2026): more distressed than 96% of U.S. counties · American Default Research · americandefault.org/counties/virginia/portsmouth-city-va/

Sources and method

  • American Default Research · County Distress Index Data through Sep 2026, built from Urban Institute, Debt in America; Equifax via the St. Louis Fed; U.S. Courts, Table F-5A; Census Bureau, American Community Survey; HUD Fair Market Rents and Census income; Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics; Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates. The County Distress Index is American Default Research's own calculation; the Urban Institute does not produce or endorse it. Our methodology
  • Urban Institute · Debt in America Breno Braga, Signe-Mary McKernan, Samantha Atherton, and Kassandra Martinchek, "Debt in America," last updated November 20, 2025, https://datacatalog.urban.org/dataset/debt-america-2025. Licensed under ODC-By 1.0.
  • Rent on a two-bedroom and household income The rent share compares HUD fair market rent for fiscal year 2027 with Census Bureau median household income for 2024. The page calls this the typical household's income.
  • U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Accounts (CAINC4) · income shares Where the money in Portsmouth city comes from, 2024.
  • History The agencies named in each row and the linked records above.