#33 Top 100 Most Distressed Counties · 2026

Holmes County, Mississippi

Crisis 33rd of 3,144 counties nationally · 15,777 residents How this is calculated →
The headline number
49% Holmes residents
vs.
23% U.S. median

More than double the national median of residents with debt in collections — and 25.3× the rate of the healthiest U.S. county (Logan County, ND — 2%).

Urban Institute (2024)

Main Findings

Wire lede · 38 words · paste-ready

Holmes County, Mississippi ranks 33rd most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: 49% of residents with a credit file carry debt in collections — more than double the national median of 23%.

Key Findings
  • 33rd of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — Crisis zone, 9th in Mississippi.
  • 49% of residents with a credit file carry debt in collections (U.S. median 23%). Debt in collections at the 95th percentile nationally.
  • Bankruptcy filing rate at 399 — national median 126, ranked at the 95th percentile.
  • Poverty rate at 36% — national median 14%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
  • Homeownership rate at 61% — national median 74%, ranked at the 8th percentile.
Distinctive Signals
Boundary Signal

Neighbors span three CDI zones. The 27-point drop to Carroll County marks where the Mississippi Delta distress corridor ends.

County Distress Index cluster map. Holmes County, Mississippi and its neighbors colored by distress zone.
Holmes and its 5 geographic neighbors, graded by County Distress Index score. Holmes County ranks 33rd of 3,144. American Default Research
Wire quote — paste-ready, any angle 30 words

"Holmes County represents a new class of American economic distress — a place where people have jobs, but can't close the gap between what they earn and what they owe."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research
Analyst quote — for voice-y features 31 words

"What the CDI is seeing in Crisis-zone counties is that unemployment is no longer the driver. It's consumer credit stress showing up in places that look fine on a jobs chart."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research

Reporter's Notes

Two data points in the indicator table worth a follow-up call.

Data anomaly
Business formation rate sits near the national median — the one indicator that doesn't fit

Holmes County's business formation rate indicator is at the 5th percentile — while every other indicator in the Economic Vitality domain is above the 49th. The gap stands out against rent-to-income ratio. Worth a call to Urban Institute or a local credit counselor in Holmes County.

Reporting hook
Child poverty at 46% — 2.6× the national median

46% of children under 18 in Holmes County live below the federal poverty line, versus 18% nationally. When a county's adult poverty rate is accompanied by a materially higher child poverty rate, the gap typically reflects single-parent household concentration or limited access to workforce-participation supports (childcare, transportation). Worth a call to the local school district's free-and-reduced-lunch coordinator or a regional United Way affiliate.

The Indicators Behind Holmes County's CDI Score

Every number traces to a public source. Holmes County's value shown alongside MS's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.

How to read the table. A domain score is a 0–100 composite of the indicators in that domain, where 50 = U.S. county median and higher = more distressed. Percentile is Holmes County's national rank among all 3,144 U.S. counties for that indicator, always oriented so higher = more distressed.
Indicator Holmes MS median U.S. median Pctile Source
Consumer Credit Distress — domain score 88 · Rank 173 of 3,144
Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections 49% 31% 23% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Medical debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have medical debt in collections 5% 6% 4% 63rd Urban Institute (2024)
Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due 15% 10% 5% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due 15% 9% 5% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage 11% 12% 8% 69th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 51% 38% 23% 95th Urban Institute (2024)
Housing Cost Burden — domain score 72 · Rank 692 of 3,144
Rent burden (30%+) Share of renter households paying 30%+ of income on rent 39% 38% 38% 57th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent 24% 19% 18% 83rd Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Owner housing burden Share of owner households paying 30%+ of income on housing 24% 22% 24% 55th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Homeownership rate Share of occupied housing units that are owner-occupied 61% 74% 74% 8th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Structural Poverty — domain score 94 · Rank 19 of 3,144
Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed 6% 4% 4% 89th BLS LAUS (Dec 2025)
Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line 36% 20% 14% 95th Census SAIPE (2023)
Household income relative to state Median household income as share of state median 0.62× 1.00× 1.00× 5th Census SAIPE (2023)
Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line 46% 28% 18% 95th Census SAIPE (2023)
Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability 33% 19% 16% 95th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Transfer-income dependency Share of personal income from government transfers 54% 34% 27% 95th BEA Regional Personal Income (2023)
Legal Distress — domain score 95 · Rank 145 of 3,144
Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents 399 314 126 95th US Courts F-5A (2025)
Economic Vitality — domain score 52 · Rank 1,412 of 3,144
Wage-to-rent ratio Ratio of average weekly wage to fair-market rent 4.1× 4.2× 4.0× 55th BLS QCEW × HUD FMR (2024)
Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income 33% 22% 21% 95th HUD FMR × Census ACS (2024)
Business formation rate New business applications per 1,000 residents 19.9 13.9 10.0 95th Census Business Formation Statistics (2024)
House price change (yoy) House price index year-over-year change 4% 4% 4% 48th FHFA HPI (2024)
Data compiled April 2026 from Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax 2024 panel), U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-yr 2023, SAIPE 2023, Business Formation Statistics 2024), Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS Dec 2025, QCEW 2024), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings 2025), and HUD Fair Market Rents (FY2024).

Five-Domain Breakdown

The CDI is a PCA-weighted composite of five statistically derived factors. Weights are proportional to each factor's share of explained variance across 3,144 counties.

Legal Distress 95
Weight 7.4% · Rank 145 of 3,144 · Pctile 95
Structural Poverty 94
Weight 13.6% · Rank 19 of 3,144 · Pctile 94
Consumer Credit Distress Primary driver 88
Weight 47.5% · Rank 173 of 3,144 · Pctile 88
Housing Cost Burden 72
Weight 22.2% · Rank 692 of 3,144 · Pctile 72
Economic Vitality 52
Weight 9.2% · Rank 1,412 of 3,144 · Pctile 52

Methodology

The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. A score of 50 represents the national county median; higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from 21 indicators grouped into five statistically derived factors via principal component analysis (PCA); factor weights are proportional to each factor's share of explained variance (shown in the Five-Domain Breakdown above).

Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, Business Formation Statistics), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2023 to 2025 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.

For Press & Research

Everything you need to cite Holmes County data — in under 60 seconds.

Embed preview — paste into any CMS <iframe src="https://americandefault.org/embed/county/28051/" width="600" height="300" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #e5e7eb;border-radius:8px;" title="Holmes County, MS — County Distress Index"></iframe>
Press contact: Ross Kilburn · press@americandefault.org · (307) 264-2992 · same-day response, 9am–6pm ET
Draft wire copy 163-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
DRAFT · 163 words · for immediate release · cleared for reuse with attribution to American Default Research

HOLMES, Miss.. — Holmes County ranks 33rd among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.

The composite score of 83 out of 100 places Holmes in the "Crisis" zone, the highest-distress category on the index. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, only 32 rank worse. Within Mississippi, Holmes ranks ninth of 82 counties.

The index, which draws on 21 indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies consumer credit distress as the primary driver in Holmes. 49% of residents with a credit file carry debt in collections — more than double the national median of 23%.

"Holmes County represents a new class of American economic distress — a place where people have jobs, but can't close the gap between what they earn and what they owe." said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.

Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.

— 30 —

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Holmes County's CDI score, and what does it mean?

Holmes County scores 83 out of 100 on the County Distress Index, placing it in the Crisis zone. It ranks 33rd of 3,144 U.S. counties and 9th of 82 Mississippi counties. A score of 50 is the national county median; higher = more distressed.

What drives Holmes County's distress score?

The primary driver is Consumer Credit Distress, at a domain score of 88. Debt in collections ranks at the 95th percentile nationally.

How does Holmes County compare to its neighbors?

Holmes County's neighbors span three CDI zones. Highest-distress neighbor: Yazoo County (85.07, Crisis). Lowest: Carroll County (58.47, Elevated).

How is the County Distress Index calculated?

The CDI is a 0–100 composite of 21 indicators across five factors, derived via principal component analysis. Factor weights: Consumer Credit Distress 47.5%, Housing Cost Burden 22.3%, Structural Poverty 13.6%, Economic Vitality 9.2%, Legal Distress 7.4%. Data from Urban Institute, Census Bureau, BLS, U.S. Courts, and HUD. Full methodology →
Ross Kilburn
Written by

Ross Kilburn, Founder

Founder · American Default Research · Seattle, Washington

Two decades working directly with financially distressed American households — from property preservation in 2003, to negotiating over 1,000 short sales during the Great Recession, to foreclosure defense marketing today. Author, The Ark Law Group Complete Guide to Short Sales (Auroch Press, 2013). Founded American Default Research in 2026.

Read more
from Ross →