#61 Top 100 Most Distressed Counties · 2026

Bell County, Kentucky

Serious 61st of 3,144 counties nationally · 23,317 residents How this is calculated →
The headline number
9% Bell residents
vs.
5% U.S. median

More than double the national median for credit card delinquency.

Urban Institute (2024)

Main Findings

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Bell County, Kentucky ranks 61st most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: 9% of credit card accounts are 60+ days past due — above the national median of 5%.

Key Findings
  • 61st of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — Serious zone, 1st in Kentucky.
  • 9% of credit card accounts are 60+ days past due (U.S. median 5%). Credit card delinquency at the 91st percentile nationally.
  • Poverty rate at 29% — national median 14%, ranked at the 99th percentile.
  • Bankruptcy filing rate at 266 — national median 126, ranked at the 87th percentile.
  • Homeownership rate at 61% — national median 74%, ranked at the 8th percentile.
Distinctive Signals
Labor–Credit Divergence

Unemployment is 6%, near the national median of 4%, while credit card delinquency runs at the 91st percentile. Jobs exist; wages don't close the gap.

County Distress Index cluster map. Bell County, Kentucky and its neighbors colored by distress zone.
Bell and its 7 geographic neighbors, graded by County Distress Index score. Bell County ranks 61st of 3,144. American Default Research
Wire quote — paste-ready, any angle 24 words

"The distress in Bell County is the everyday kind: a household balance sheet bending under housing and health costs, not collapsing under job loss."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research
Analyst quote — for voice-y features 27 words

"Serious-zone counties are where the cost curve is accelerating faster than wages can keep up. The distress reads like a housing story first, a credit story second."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research

Reporter's Notes

Two data points in the indicator table worth a follow-up call.

Data anomaly
Owner housing burden sits near the national median — the one indicator that doesn't fit

Bell County's owner housing burden indicator is at the 23rd percentile — while every other indicator in the Housing Cost Burden domain is above the 66th. The gap stands out against homeownership rate. Worth a call to Urban Institute or a local credit counselor in Bell County.

Reporting hook
Child poverty at 38% — 2.1× the national median

38% of children under 18 in Bell County live below the federal poverty line, versus 18% nationally. When a county's adult poverty rate is accompanied by a materially higher child poverty rate, the gap typically reflects single-parent household concentration or limited access to workforce-participation supports (childcare, transportation). Worth a call to the local school district's free-and-reduced-lunch coordinator or a regional United Way affiliate.

The Indicators Behind Bell County's CDI Score

Every number traces to a public source. Bell County's value shown alongside KY's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.

How to read the table. A domain score is a 0–100 composite of the indicators in that domain, where 50 = U.S. county median and higher = more distressed. Percentile is Bell County's national rank among all 3,144 U.S. counties for that indicator, always oriented so higher = more distressed.
Indicator Bell KY median U.S. median Pctile Source
Consumer Credit Distress — domain score 81 · Rank 429 of 3,144
Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections 37% 29% 23% 90th Urban Institute (2024)
Medical debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have medical debt in collections 5% 5% 4% 66th Urban Institute (2024)
Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due 8% 6% 5% 86th Urban Institute (2024)
Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due 9% 6% 5% 91st Urban Institute (2024)
Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage 7% 6% 8% 37th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 34% 28% 23% 86th Urban Institute (2024)
Housing Cost Burden — domain score 72 · Rank 684 of 3,144
Rent burden (30%+) Share of renter households paying 30%+ of income on rent 45% 35% 38% 79th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent 21% 18% 18% 71st Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Owner housing burden Share of owner households paying 30%+ of income on housing 21% 23% 24% 23rd Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Homeownership rate Share of occupied housing units that are owner-occupied 61% 74% 74% 8th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Structural Poverty — domain score 96 · Rank 3 of 3,144
Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed 6% 5% 4% 80th BLS LAUS (Dec 2025)
Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line 29% 17% 14% 99th Census SAIPE (2023)
Household income relative to state Median household income as share of state median 0.64× 1.00× 1.00× 1st Census SAIPE (2023)
Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line 38% 22% 18% 99th Census SAIPE (2023)
Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability 26% 21% 16% 97th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Transfer-income dependency Share of personal income from government transfers 56% 34% 27% 99th BEA Regional Personal Income (2023)
Legal Distress — domain score 87 · Rank 408 of 3,144
Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents 266 243 126 87th US Courts F-5A (2025)
Economic Vitality — domain score 64 · Rank 782 of 3,144
Wage-to-rent ratio Ratio of average weekly wage to fair-market rent 4.1× 4.3× 4.0× 54th BLS QCEW × HUD FMR (2024)
Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income 29% 20% 21% 94th HUD FMR × Census ACS (2024)
Business formation rate New business applications per 1,000 residents 6.9 9.1 10.0 10th Census Business Formation Statistics (2024)
House price change (yoy) House price index year-over-year change 8% 4% 4% 88th FHFA HPI (2024)
Data compiled April 2026 from Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax 2024 panel), U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-yr 2023, SAIPE 2023, Business Formation Statistics 2024), Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS Dec 2025, QCEW 2024), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings 2025), and HUD Fair Market Rents (FY2024).

Five-Domain Breakdown

The CDI is a PCA-weighted composite of five statistically derived factors. Weights are proportional to each factor's share of explained variance across 3,144 counties.

Structural Poverty 96
Weight 13.6% · Rank 3 of 3,144 · Pctile 96
Legal Distress 87
Weight 7.4% · Rank 408 of 3,144 · Pctile 87
Consumer Credit Distress Primary driver 81
Weight 47.5% · Rank 429 of 3,144 · Pctile 81
Housing Cost Burden 72
Weight 22.2% · Rank 684 of 3,144 · Pctile 72
Economic Vitality 64
Weight 9.2% · Rank 782 of 3,144 · Pctile 64

Methodology

The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. A score of 50 represents the national county median; higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from 21 indicators grouped into five statistically derived factors via principal component analysis (PCA); factor weights are proportional to each factor's share of explained variance (shown in the Five-Domain Breakdown above).

Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, Business Formation Statistics), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2023 to 2025 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.

For Press & Research

Everything you need to cite Bell County data — in under 60 seconds.

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Press contact: Ross Kilburn · press@americandefault.org · (307) 264-2992 · same-day response, 9am–6pm ET
Draft wire copy 154-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
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BELL, Ky.. — Bell County ranks 61st among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.

The composite score of 80 out of 100 places Bell in the "Serious" zone, the highest-distress category on the index. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, only 60 rank worse. Within Kentucky, Bell ranks first of 120 counties.

The index, which draws on 21 indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies consumer credit distress as the primary driver in Bell. 9% of credit card accounts are 60+ days past due — above the national median of 5%.

"The distress in Bell County is the everyday kind: a household balance sheet bending under housing and health costs, not collapsing under job loss." said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.

Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Bell County's CDI score, and what does it mean?

Bell County scores 80 out of 100 on the County Distress Index, placing it in the Serious zone. It ranks 61st of 3,144 U.S. counties and 1st of 120 Kentucky counties. A score of 50 is the national county median; higher = more distressed.

What drives Bell County's distress score?

The primary driver is Consumer Credit Distress, at a domain score of 81. Credit card delinquency ranks at the 91st percentile nationally.

How does Bell County compare to its neighbors?

Bell County's neighbors span two CDI zones. Highest-distress neighbor: Clay County (72.93, Serious). Lowest: Leslie County (60.05, Elevated).

How is the County Distress Index calculated?

The CDI is a 0–100 composite of 21 indicators across five factors, derived via principal component analysis. Factor weights: Consumer Credit Distress 47.5%, Housing Cost Burden 22.3%, Structural Poverty 13.6%, Economic Vitality 9.2%, Legal Distress 7.4%. Data from Urban Institute, Census Bureau, BLS, U.S. Courts, and HUD. Full methodology →
Ross Kilburn
Written by

Ross Kilburn, Founder

Founder · American Default Research · Seattle, Washington

Two decades working directly with financially distressed American households — from property preservation in 2003, to negotiating over 1,000 short sales during the Great Recession, to foreclosure defense marketing today. Author, The Ark Law Group Complete Guide to Short Sales (Auroch Press, 2013). Founded American Default Research in 2026.

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