Kalawao County, Hawaii
Above the national median for rent-to-income ratio — and 2.7× the rate of the healthiest U.S. county (Steele County, ND — 12%).
Main Findings
Kalawao County, Hawaii ranks 2,736th most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. Kalawao sits near the national median across major distress indicators. Its highest-scoring domain is Debt Burden (housing basis).
- 2,736th of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — 27.0 · low county distress, 5th in Hawaii.
- A rent-to-income ratio of 33% (U.S. median 21%). Rent-to-income ratio at the 95th percentile nationally. Source: HUD FMR (FY2026); U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023).
- Disability rate at 27% — national median 16%, ranked at the 95th percentile. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023).
- Delinquency domain score 28 — weight 20.0% of the CDI composite. Source: American Default Research.
- Default & Legal domain score 21 — weight 20.0% of the CDI composite. Source: American Default Research.
Kalawao County has a low county distress score. The CDI reading is a county comparison, separate from national ADI bands.
The CDI gives this county a low county distress label. The score is a county comparison, separate from national ADI bands. Its highest-scoring domain is Debt Burden (housing basis).
Indicator History
Period-correct raw indicators from the county-history panel. The CDI composite is excluded because it is a current cross-sectional score.
Poverty rate
child poverty rate
Median household income
Uninsured rate
The Indicators Behind Kalawao County's CDI Score
Every number traces to a public source. Kalawao County's value shown alongside HI's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.
| Indicator | Kalawao | HI median | U.S. median | Pctile | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delinquency — domain score 28 · Rank 2,321 of 3,144 | |||||
| Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due | 4% | 4% | 5% | 29th | Urban Institute Debt in America (2025) |
| Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due | 4% | 4% | 5% | 29th | Urban Institute Debt in America (2025) |
| Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 | 18% | 18% | 23% | 27th | Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Equifax (2025) |
| Default & Legal — domain score 21 · Rank 2,756 of 3,144 | |||||
| Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections | 16% | 16% | 23% | 21st | Urban Institute Debt in America (2025) |
| Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents | 72 | 72 | 126 | 20th | Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, F-5A (2025) |
| Debt Burden (housing basis) — domain score 50 · Rank 1,544 of 3,144 | |||||
| Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income | 33% | 33% | 21% | 95th | HUD FMR (FY2026); U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023) |
| Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent | 0% | 23% | 18% | 5th | U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023) |
| Labor — domain score 8 · Rank 2,899 of 3,144 | |||||
| Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed | 2% | 2% | 4% | 8th | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS (May 2026) |
| Safety Net & Buffer — domain score 28 · Rank 2,438 of 3,144 | |||||
| Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line | 12% | 12% | 18% | 17th | U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023) |
| Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability | 27% | 12% | 16% | 95th | U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023) |
| Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line | 9% | 9% | 14% | 16th | U.S. Census Bureau, SAIPE (2023) |
| Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage | 2% | 4% | 8% | 5th | U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year (2023) |
Five-Domain Breakdown
The CDI is an equal-weight composite of five family-v1 distress domains. Each domain contributes 20% of the county score.
Methodology
The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. Higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from five equal-weighted domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Each domain is the mean of distress-oriented indicator percentiles; the CDI score is the equal-weight mean of those domain scores.
Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), FRED/Equifax (subprime credit share), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2022 to 2026 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.
For Press & Research
Everything you need to cite Kalawao County data — in under 60 seconds.
Draft wire copy 124-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
KALAUPAPA, Hawaii — Kalawao County ranks 2,736th among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.
The composite score of 27.0 out of 100 gives Kalawao a low county distress label. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, 2,735 counties rank more distressed. Within Hawaii, Kalawao ranks fifth of 5 counties.
The index, which draws on 13 source indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, finds Kalawao sitting near the national median across major distress indicators, with no single domain emerging as a clear driver.
American Default Research founder Ross Kilburn is available for interview at press@americandefault.org.
Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Kalawao County's CDI score, and what does it mean?
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How does Kalawao County compare to its neighbors?
How is the County Distress Index calculated?
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