The cost of owning a home

Name: United States: Median costs as a share of income · all homeowners
Creator: Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions)

Existing owners face a different housing bill depending on whether they have a mortgage. Census estimates include selected housing costs, rather than the price of buying a home today.

By American Default Research

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United States Median costs as a share of income · all homeowners

2.85%

percent 2025

Data from Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions)

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Change, 2024 to 2025

−2.04 percentage points

Changes over time

Median costs as a share of income · all homeowners in the United States fell 41.72% from 2024

percent · 1976 to 2025

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions) American Default Research · americandefault.org/affordability/owner-housing-costs/

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Median costs as a share of income · all homeowners by state

2025 · percent

−0.53%–2.16%2.17%–2.8%2.92%–3.61%3.65%–4.66%4.73%–6.16%

Median costs as a share of income · all homeowners · 2025

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions) American Default Research · americandefault.org/affordability/owner-housing-costs/

States, ranked, 2025
Place	%
New Jersey	6.16
Connecticut	6.09
New York	6
Illinois	5.7
Wisconsin	5.44
Rhode Island	5.4
North Dakota	5.13
Ohio	4.78
Michigan	4.74
Pennsylvania	4.74
Maine	4.73
New Hampshire	4.66
Indiana	4.34
West Virginia	4.14
Wyoming	4.13
Alaska	4.09
Kansas	4.05
Kentucky	3.94
Missouri	3.73
Virginia	3.72
Massachusetts	3.65
Vermont	3.61
South Carolina	3.55
Mississippi	3.53
Arkansas	3.4
Nebraska	3.3
Iowa	3.22
Delaware	3.16
South Dakota	3.11
New Mexico	3.07
Hawaii	2.92
Minnesota	2.8
Maryland	2.65
Oklahoma	2.59
North Carolina	2.5
Alabama	2.47
Utah	2.42
Tennessee	2.37
Idaho	2.34
Montana	2.31
Nevada	2.17
Georgia	2.16
Washington	1.84
Louisiana	1.79
Arizona	0.94
Oregon	0.93
Texas	0.8
California	0.75
District of Columbia	0.4
Colorado	0.13
Florida	−0.53

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions)

Download every state, metro area and county, ranked (CSV)

Available history

Median costs as a share of income · all homeowners
Data period	United States (%)
2025	2.85
2024	4.89
2023	5.71
2022	15.49
2021	11.61
2020	3
2019	4.15
2018	5.7
2017	5.39
2016	5.33
2015	4.43
2014	6.17
2013	3.44
2012	−1.76
2011	−4.43
2010	−5.08
2009	−7.47
2008	−4.51
2007	0.59
2006	6.58
2005	12.36
2004	9.17
2003	4.53
2002	5.39
2001	6.73
2000	8.35
1999	4.32
1998	3.73
1997	3.84
1996	3.2
1995	3.72
1994	1.76
1993	−0.25
1992	0.37
1991	0.88
1990	2.61
1989	8.74
1988	8.54
1987	6.7
1986	6.53
1985	5.53
1984	6.42
1983	4.26
1982	−1.44
1981	5.9
1980	9.77
1979	13.9
1978	16.11
1977	16.07
1976	8.14

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions)Download data (CSV)

Sources and method

Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index (all-transactions) supplies the figures shown.

U.S. Census Bureau selected monthly owner costs include mortgage payments where applicable, property tax, insurance, utilities and fuel. Owners with and without a mortgage are reported separately.

About these figures

ACS five-year estimates pool five years of responses. Adjacent estimates overlap and should not be read as single-year price changes.

Place comparisons use the same data period. An older common period is named beside the comparison. A missing or withheld value is never changed to zero.

The CSV includes the original source notes, annotations and estimate margins where supplied. Original source data remain subject to their publishers’ terms.

We write with AI tools. Every figure comes from the data and sources named on this page, and automated checks compare it with them before it's published.